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• Journal article
  Howard LE, Holmes WM, Ferrando S, Maclaine JS, Kelsh RN, Ramsey A, Abel RL, Cox JPLet al., 2013,

  Functional nasal morphology of chimaerid fishes

  , Journal of Morphology, Vol: 274, Pages: 987-1009, ISSN: 0362-2525

  <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Holocephalans (chimaeras) are a group of marine fishes comprising three families: the Callorhinchidae (callorhinchid fishes), the Rhinochimaeridae (rhinochimaerid fishes) and the Chimaeridae (chimaerid fishes). We have used X‐ray microcomputed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to characterise in detail the nasal anatomy of three species of chimaerid fishes:<jats:italic>Chimaera monstrosa</jats:italic>,<jats:italic>C. phantasma</jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Hydrolagus colliei</jats:italic>. We have shown that the nasal chamber of these three species is linked to the external environment by an incurrent channel and to the oral cavity by an excurrent channel via an oral groove. A protrusion of variable morphology is present on the medial wall of the incurrent channel in all three species, but is absent in members of the two other holocephalan families that we inspected. A third nasal channel, the lateral channel, functionally connects the incurrent nostril to the oral cavity, by‐passing the nasal chamber. From anatomical reconstructions, we have proposed a model for the circulation of water, and therefore the transport of odorant, in the chimaerid nasal region. In this model, water could flow through the nasal region via the nasal chamber or the lateral channel. In either case, the direction of flow could be reversed. Circulation through the entire nasal region is likely to be driven primarily by the respiratory pump. We have identified several anatomical features that may segregate, distribute, facilitate and regulate flow in the nasal region and have considered the consequences of flow reversal. The non‐sensory cilia lining the olfactory sensory channels appear to be mucus‐propelling, suggesting that these cilia have a common protective role in cartilaginous fishes (sharks, rays and chimaeras). The nasal region of chimaerid fishes shows at least two adaptations to a

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• Journal article
  Bergmann JHM, Graham S, Howard N, McGregor Aet al., 2013,

  Comparison of median frequency between traditional and functional sensor placements during activity monitoring

  , MEASUREMENT, Vol: 46, Pages: 2193-2200, ISSN: 0263-2241
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  • Citations: 3
• Journal article
  Gupte C, St Mart J-P, 2013,

  The acute swollen knee: diagnosis and management

  , JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE, Vol: 106, Pages: 259-268, ISSN: 0141-0768
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  • Citations: 9
• Journal article
  Walsh SA, Iwaniuk AN, Knoll MA, Bourdon E, Barrett PM, Milner AC, Nudds RL, Abel RL, Sterpaio PDet al., 2013,

  Avian Cerebellar Floccular Fossa Size Is Not a Proxy for Flying Ability in Birds

  , PLoS ONE, Vol: 8, Pages: e67176-e67176
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• Journal article
  Pincus T, Anwar S, McCracken L, McGregor A, Graham L, Collinson M, Farrin AJet al., 2013,

  Testing the credibility, feasibility and acceptability of an optimised behavioural intervention (OBI) for avoidant chronic low back pain patients: protocol for a randomised feasibility study

  , TRIALS, Vol: 14, ISSN: 1745-6215
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  • Citations: 15
• Journal article
  Karia M, Masjedi M, Andrews B, Jaffry Z, Cobb Jet al., 2013,

  Robotic Assistance Enables Inexperienced Surgeons to Perform Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasties on Dry Bone Models with Accuracy Superior to Conventional Methods

  , Advances in Orthopedics, Vol: 2013
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• Journal article
  Hart AJ, Muirhead-Allwood S, Porter M, Matthies A, Ilo K, Maggiore P, Underwood R, Cann P, Cobb J, Skinner JAet al., 2013,

  Which Factors Determine the Wear Rate of Large-Diameter Metal-on-Metal Hip Replacements?

  , JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME, Vol: 95A, Pages: 678-685, ISSN: 0021-9355
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  • Citations: 57
• Journal article
  Wang P, Low KH, McGregor AH, Tow Aet al., 2013,

  Detection of abnormal muscle activations during walking following spinal cord injury (SCI)

  , RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, Vol: 34, Pages: 1226-1235, ISSN: 0891-4222
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  • Citations: 16
• Journal article
  Duffell L, Alexander C, Greenwood N, McGregor Aet al., 2013,

  Re: Electromyographic activity of pelvic and lower limb muscles during postural tasks in people with benign joint hypermobility syndrome and non hypermobile people. A pilot study Greenwood NL, Duffell LD, Alexander CM & McGregor AH. Man Ther 2011;16:p. 623-628

  , MANUAL THERAPY, Vol: 18, Pages: E10-E10, ISSN: 1356-689X
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• Journal article
  Rygg BA, 2013,

  A Computational Study of the Hydrodynamics in the Nasal Region of a Hammerhead Shark (<italic>Sphyrna tudes</italic>): Implications for Olfaction

  , PLoS ONE, Vol: 8, Pages: e59783-e59783

  <p>The hammerhead shark possesses a unique head morphology that is thought to facilitate enhanced olfactory performance. The olfactory chambers, located at the distal ends of the cephalofoil, contain numerous lamellae that increase the surface area for olfaction. Functionally, for the shark to detect chemical stimuli, water-borne odors must reach the olfactory sensory epithelium that lines these lamellae. Thus, odorant transport from the aquatic environment to the sensory epithelium is the first critical step in olfaction. Here we investigate the hydrodynamics of olfaction in <italic>Sphyrna tudes</italic> based on an anatomically-accurate reconstruction of the head and olfactory chamber from high-resolution micro-CT and MRI scans of a cadaver specimen. Computational fluid dynamics simulations of water flow in the reconstructed model reveal the external and internal hydrodynamics of olfaction during swimming. Computed external flow patterns elucidate the occurrence of flow phenomena that result in high and low pressures at the incurrent and excurrent nostrils, respectively, which induces flow through the olfactory chamber. The major (prenarial) nasal groove along the cephalofoil is shown to facilitate sampling of a large spatial extent (i.e., an extended hydrodynamic “reach”) by directing oncoming flow towards the incurrent nostril. Further, both the major and minor nasal grooves redirect some flow away from the incurrent nostril, thereby limiting the amount of fluid that enters the olfactory chamber. Internal hydrodynamic flow patterns are also revealed, where we show that flow rates within the sensory channels between olfactory lamellae are passively regulated by the apical gap, which functions as a partial bypass for flow in the olfactory chamber. Consequently, the hammerhead shark appears to utilize external (major and minor nasal grooves) and internal (apical gap) flow regulation mechanisms to limit water flow between the olfactory

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• Journal article
  Nicotra A, King NKK, Catley M, Mendoza N, McGregor AH, Strutton PHet al., 2013,

  Evaluation of corticospinal excitability in cervical myelopathy, before and after surgery, with transcranial magnetic stimulation: a pilot study

  , EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL, Vol: 22, Pages: 189-196, ISSN: 0940-6719
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  • Citations: 16
• Journal article
  Barrow A, Akhtar K, Gupte C, Bello Fet al., 2013,

  Requirements analysis of a 5 degree of freedom haptic simulator for orthopedic trauma surgery.

  , Stud Health Technol Inform, Vol: 184, Pages: 43-47, ISSN: 0926-9630

  There are currently few Virtual Reality simulators for orthopedic trauma surgery. The current simulators provide only a basic recreation of the manual skills involved, focusing instead on the procedural and anatomical knowledge required. One factor limiting simulation of the manual skills is the complexity of adding realistic haptic feedback, particularly torques. This paper investigates the requirements, in terms of forces and workspace (linear and rotational), of a haptic interface to simulate placement of a lag screw in the femoral head, such as for fixation of a fracture in the neck of the femur. To measure these requirements, a study has been conducted involving 5 subjects with experience performing this particular procedure. The results gathered are being used to inform the design of a new haptic simulator for orthopedic trauma surgery.

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• Journal article
  Abel RL, Shah SIA, Langley RE, Cafferty FH, Abel RL, Abel PDet al., 2013,

  Fracture after androgen deprivation therapy among men with a high baseline risk of skeletal complications

  , BJUI, Vol: 112, Pages: E431-E433
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• Journal article
  McGregor AH, Probyn K, Cro S, Dore CJ, Burton AK, Balague F, Pincus T, Fairbank Jet al., 2013,

  Rehabilitation following surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis

  , COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS, ISSN: 1469-493X
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  • Citations: 33
• Journal article
  Masjedi M, Tan WL, Sunnar J, Aqil A, Harris S, Cobb Jet al., 2012,

  Use of robotic technology in cam femoroacetabular impingement corrective surgery

  , International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery
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• Journal article
  Bergmann JHM, Chandaria V, McGregor A, 2012,

  Wearable and Implantable Sensors: The Patient's Perspective

  , SENSORS, Vol: 12, Pages: 16695-16709, ISSN: 1424-8220
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  • Citations: 91
• Journal article
  Buckeridge E, Hislop S, Bull A, McGregor Aet al., 2012,

  Kinematic Asymmetries of the Lower Limbs during Ergometer Rowing

  , MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE, Vol: 44, Pages: 2147-2153, ISSN: 0195-9131
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  • Citations: 43
• Journal article
  Dandachli W, Najefi A, Iranpour F, Lenihan J, Hart A, Cobb Jet al., 2012,

  Quantifying the contribution of pincer deformity to femoro-acetabular impingement using 3D computerised tomography

  , SKELETAL RADIOLOGY, Vol: 41, Pages: 1295-1300, ISSN: 0364-2348
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  • Citations: 25
• Journal article
  Hughes SPF, Freemont AJ, Hukins DWL, McGregor AH, Roberts Set al., 2012,

  The pathogenesis of degeneration of the intervertebral disc and emerging therapies in the management of back pain

  , JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-BRITISH VOLUME, Vol: 94B, Pages: 1298-1304, ISSN: 0301-620X
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  • Citations: 119
• Journal article
  Chen A, Gupte C, Akhtar K, Smith P, Cobb Jet al., 2012,

  The global economic cost of osteoarthritis: how the UK compares

  , Arthritis, Vol: 2012, ISSN: 2090-1984

  Aims. To examine all relevant literature on the economic costs of osteoarthritis in the UK, and to compare such costs globally. Methods. A search of MEDLINE was performed. The search was expanded beyond peer-reviewed journals into publications by the department of health, national orthopaedic associations, national authorities and registries, and arthritis charities. Results. No UK studies were identified in the literature search. 3 European, 6 North American, and 2 Asian studies were reviewed. Significant variation in direct and indirect costs were seen in these studies. Costs for topical and oral NSAIDs were estimated to be £19.2 million and £25.65 million, respectively. Cost of hip and knee replacements was estimated to exceed £850 million, arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis was estimated to be £1.34 million. Indirect costs from OA caused a loss of economic production over £3.2 billion, £43 million was spent on community services and £215 million on social services for osteoarthritis. Conclusions. While estimates of economic costs can be made using information from non-published data, there remains a lack of original research looking at the direct or indirect costs of osteoarthritis in the UK. Differing methodology in calculating costs from overseas studies makes direct comparison with the UK difficult.

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