@article{Castagnoli:2026:10.1111/pai.70407,
author = {Castagnoli, R and Votto, M and Taietti, I and Delgado-Dolset, MI and Fernández-Santamaría, R and Jimenez, Freites M and Giovannini, M and Kaar, M and Karavelia, A and Layhadi, J and Radzikowska, U and Akdis, CA and Akdis, M and Bloomfield, M and Cinetto, F and Deschildre, A and Hourihane, J and Lau, S and Nieto-Garcia, A and Ogulur, I and O'Mahony, L and Shamji, M and Sokolowska, M and Torres, MJ and Tsabouri, S and Eigenmann, P and EAACIClemens, von Pirquet Foundation},
doi = {10.1111/pai.70407},
journal = {Pediatr Allergy Immunol},
title = {Bridging Rare to Common Diseases: Precision Medicine and the Transforming Landscape of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pai.70407},
volume = {37},
year = {2026}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Pediatric immunological and allergic conditions represent a broad spectrum, ranging from highly prevalent polygenic disorders (e.g., food allergy, atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis) to rarer monogenic primary atopic disorders. The management of these conditions has undergone a paradigm shift in recent years. Moving away from a "one-size-fits-all" approach, precision medicine aims to deliver the right treatment to the right patient at the right time. By integrating clinical phenotypes with molecular endotypes and using specific biomarkers and "Omics" techniques, scientists and clinicians can now employ targeted biological therapies that significantly improve patient outcomes. By identifying early therapeutic windows and specific biomarkers, pediatric specialists can implement personalized interventions that halt the atopic march and mitigate the global burden of chronic allergic diseases. By shifting the focus from symptom management to the neutralization of specific molecular pathways, it is now possible to achieve better disease control, reduce side effects associated with broad-spectrum treatments such as systemic corticosteroids, and improve the quality of life for patients with refractory allergic diseases. This review, generated during a seminar funded by the Clemens von Pirquet Foundation, aims to delineate the "rare to common" pipeline, illustrating how precision medicine tools, including multi-omics, biomarkers, and artificial intelligence methods, can connect mechanistic pathways across the immunological spectrum.
AU  - Castagnoli,R
AU  - Votto,M
AU  - Taietti,I
AU  - Delgado-Dolset,MI
AU  - Fernández-Santamaría,R
AU  - Jimenez,Freites M
AU  - Giovannini,M
AU  - Kaar,M
AU  - Karavelia,A
AU  - Layhadi,J
AU  - Radzikowska,U
AU  - Akdis,CA
AU  - Akdis,M
AU  - Bloomfield,M
AU  - Cinetto,F
AU  - Deschildre,A
AU  - Hourihane,J
AU  - Lau,S
AU  - Nieto-Garcia,A
AU  - Ogulur,I
AU  - O'Mahony,L
AU  - Shamji,M
AU  - Sokolowska,M
AU  - Torres,MJ
AU  - Tsabouri,S
AU  - Eigenmann,P
AU  - EAACIClemens,von Pirquet Foundation
DO  - 10.1111/pai.70407
PY  - 2026///
TI  - Bridging Rare to Common Diseases: Precision Medicine and the Transforming Landscape of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.
T2  - Pediatr Allergy Immunol
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pai.70407
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/42324659
VL  - 37
ER  - 

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