@article{Safavi:2026:10.1002/14651858.CD016200,
author = {Safavi, S and Smith, S and Jahnke, N and Stewart, I and Watson, SA and Prayle, AP and Smyth, AR and Cochrane, Cystic Fibrosis},
doi = {10.1002/14651858.CD016200},
journal = {Cochrane Database Syst Rev},
title = {Lung transplant in people with cystic fibrosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria infection.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD016200},
volume = {4},
year = {2026}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - RATIONALE: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited multi-organ disorder. People with CF (pwCF) experience recurrent and chronic lung infections and a progressive loss of lung function. PwCF with poor and rapidly declining lung function may be considered for lung transplantation (LTx), which may improve their quality of life and survival. Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause pulmonary disease in pwCF, and NTM infection is a poor prognostic factor in LTx. Guidelines recommend NTM infection should not automatically preclude LTx. It is important to evaluate the evidence base for LTx in pwCF and NTM pulmonary disease. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate clinical outcomes in pwCF and with NTM infection (NTM infection alone or with NTM pulmonary disease) who undergo LTx by comparing: 1. pwCF with current NTM lung infection who undergo LTx versus those with NTM infection who do not undergo LTX; 2. pwCF with current NTM lung infection who undergo LTx versus those without NTM undergoing LTx. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed as well as two ongoing trials registries. We checked references. The latest search date was 17 February 2026. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: We considered non-randomised studies of pwCF (any age) with or without NTM lung infection or disease being considered for LTx as well as studies of pwCF and NTM who either did or did not undergo LTx. OUTCOMES: Our critical outcomes were mortality, disseminated NTM infection post-LTx, time to chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), and quality of life at any time points reported. We additionally planned to report lung function, hospitalisations for pulmonary exacerbations, and nutritional parameters in the review. RISK OF BIAS: We assessed the risk of bias in three studies using ROBINS-I and in one study using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for case series. SYNTHESIS METHODS: We could only report results narratively. We used GRADE to assess the cert
AU  - Safavi,S
AU  - Smith,S
AU  - Jahnke,N
AU  - Stewart,I
AU  - Watson,SA
AU  - Prayle,AP
AU  - Smyth,AR
AU  - Cochrane,Cystic Fibrosis
DO  - 10.1002/14651858.CD016200
PY  - 2026///
TI  - Lung transplant in people with cystic fibrosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria infection.
T2  - Cochrane Database Syst Rev
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD016200
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/42011794
VL  - 4
ER  - 

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