@article{Stedman:2025:10.1109/TGRS.2025.3633954,
author = {Stedman, M and Hunt, SE and De, Vis P and Bantges, R and Brindley, H and Fox, N},
doi = {10.1109/TGRS.2025.3633954},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing},
title = {Impact of characterization on cross-calibration performance for multispectral sensors with SI-traceable satellite mission TRUTHS},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3633954},
volume = {63},
year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - A new generation of satellites designed for low-uncertainty, SI-traceable measurements—termed“SITSats”—marks a major advancement in Earth observation (EO) capability. These missions aim to enhance the performance and interoperability of the EO “system of systems.” Among them, the ESA Earth Watch Traceable Radiometry Underpinning Terrestrial- and Helio-Studies (TRUTHS) mission is designedto serve as a “gold-standard” radiometric reference for cross-calibrating EO sensors in the solar reflective domain. In this work, uncertainties in cross-calibration comparisons arising from sensor characterization and design are investigated. A processing chain to prepare collocated data for uncertainty-quantified comparison is presented. This includes steps to perform spectral band adjustment and spatial resampling. Using the TRUTHS hyperspectral imaging spectrometer (HIS)as the reference and Sentinel-2 multispectral imager (MSI) as the target, a simulation study based on high-resolution imagery assesses achievable comparison performance. A subset of uncertainty effects driven by sensor characterization is propagated through the spectral and spatial processing using a Monte Carlo approach. Sentinel-2 data are assumed at 10-m resolution, which is most sensitive to the errors considered. The results highlight the importance of sensor characterization, particularly inherent in-flight wavelength knowledge for target sensors, in such comparisons. Results from the simulation analysis give uncertainty estimates (k = 1) of 0.31% (blue), 0.50% (green), and 0.23% (red) for the combined error effectsarising from sensor characterization and geolocation uncertainty for comparisons over the Libya-4 desert pseudo-invariant calibration sites (PICS) using an instantaneous 205-m square comparison region. Results for more heterogeneous scenes, such as rainforest, still achieve uncertainties of 0.6%–1.2% for the red–green–blue (RGB) ban
AU  - Stedman,M
AU  - Hunt,SE
AU  - De,Vis P
AU  - Bantges,R
AU  - Brindley,H
AU  - Fox,N
DO  - 10.1109/TGRS.2025.3633954
PY  - 2025///
SN  - 0196-2892
TI  - Impact of characterization on cross-calibration performance for multispectral sensors with SI-traceable satellite mission TRUTHS
T2  - IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3633954
UR  - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11251035
VL  - 63
ER  - 

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