Areas of Research

Epigenetic regulation of myeloma

Multiple myeloma is in many ways a disease driven by inappropriate gene expression. It is characterised by the aberrant activation of gene regulatory elements known as enhancers, stimulating the upregulation of key oncogenes. Blocking this behaviour is therefore a promising strategy for myeloma treatment, and many therapeutic strategies directly or indirectly target gene regulatory pathways.

The lab studies the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, focused on the way these processes are dysregulated in multiple myeloma. We have a particular interest in understanding the role of oncogenic enhancer activity in driving myeloma-specific transcriptional profiles, and identifying the factors responsible for this behaviour. A major goal of the lab is to identify potential therapeutic targets that could be developed as novel therapies for multiple myeloma.

We use a variety of high-throughput genomics techniques to study the chromatin landscape, including ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq. We have optimised TOPmentation, a small cell-number technique that allows us to characterise the chromatin profile of myeloma patient samples. In addition, we use the 3C technology Micro-Capture-C to map the physical association of enhancers and promoters. By combining these techniques with genetic and pharmacological manipulation of myeloma cell lines, we are able to explore mechanistically enhancer function and regulation.

Mechanisms of myeloma drug resistance

Relapse is very common in myeloma after initial treatment. Patients typically enter remission following treatment, but invariably relapse, often with resistance to one or more of these drugs. There is therefore a pressing need to understand the mechanisms that drive this resistance to find ways to counteract it. We are working to identify and understand epigenetic mechanisms that drive drug resistance via changes in gene expression, which therefore may be reversed to resensitise cells to therapy.

Our team

Jinglin Zhou (he/him)

Jinglin Zhou (he/him)
PhD student

Jason Taslim (he/him)

Jason Taslim (he/him)
Research assistant

Sophie Ball (she/her)

Sophie Ball (she/her)
PhD student

Funders

Research Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Li:2026:10.3324/haematol.2025.288024,
author = {Li, Y and Wilson, A and Chrisochoidou, Y and Martin, S and Bird, S and Morales, S and Leiro, M and Kozik, Z and Crump, NT and Roumeliotis, TI and Choudhary, J and Pawlyn, C},
doi = {10.3324/haematol.2025.288024},
journal = {Haematologica},
title = {EZH2 inhibition overcomes immunomodulatory drug resistance in multiple myeloma via a cereblon-dependent pathway.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2025.288024},
year = {2026}
}

RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB - Immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs) and the next-generation Cereblon (CRBN) E3 ligase modulators (CELMoDs), targeting the IKZF1/IKZF3-IRF4-MYC axis, are effective therapies for multiple myeloma (MM) across all stages of disease. Resistance to treatment can be acquired following exposure, but a subset of patients have primary resistance, with both states necessitating the development of alternative treatment strategies. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been shown to have increased expression at myeloma relapse and higher expression is associated with a shorter progression free survival from diagnosis. EZH2 inhibitors have been studied as a single agent in myeloma and in combination treatments to overcome drug resistance in other malignancies. In this study KMS-11 and RPMI-8226 myeloma cell lines are used as models of primary IMID resistance, demonstrating persistent Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) expression after IMiDs/CELMoDs exposure without loss of cell viability. The combination of Tazemetostat, an FDA-approved EZH2 inhibitor, with IMiDs/CELMoDs significantly reduces IRF4 expression, induces apoptosis, and leads to synergistic cell death in these resistant cell lines. Further investigations reveal that the synergistic effect of EZH2 inhibition appears specific to IMiDs/CELMoDs, is CRBN-dependent and rescued by IRF4 overexpression. Mechanistically, Tazemetostat appears to reduce IKZF1 binding to the IRF4 promoter and super-enhancer, explaining how the combination with IMiDs/CELMoDs which also have this effect may reach the threshold required to suppress IRF4 expression and ultimately inhibit MM cell growth in resistant cell lines. Our findings highlight a potential strategy for treating MM patients with IMiD resistance.
AU - Li,Y
AU - Wilson,A
AU - Chrisochoidou,Y
AU - Martin,S
AU - Bird,S
AU - Morales,S
AU - Leiro,M
AU - Kozik,Z
AU - Crump,NT
AU - Roumeliotis,TI
AU - Choudhary,J
AU - Pawlyn,C
DO - 10.3324/haematol.2025.288024
PY - 2026///
TI - EZH2 inhibition overcomes immunomodulatory drug resistance in multiple myeloma via a cereblon-dependent pathway.
T2 - Haematologica
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2025.288024
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41676914
ER -