@article{Sun:2026:10.1016/j.synbio.2026.01.007,
author = {Sun, M and Gao, AX and Ye, B and Zhao, Y and Ledesma-Amaro, R and Gao, J and Wang, P},
doi = {10.1016/j.synbio.2026.01.007},
journal = {Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology},
pages = {37--49},
title = {Advances in engineering and applications of synthetic phase-separated membraneless organelles in biotechnology},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synbio.2026.01.007},
volume = {13},
year = {2026}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Membraneless organelles (MLOs) formed through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) constitute crucial dynamic microenvironments within cells, capable of selectively concentrating specific molecules and regulating biochemical reactions. Based on the working mechanisms of natural MLOs, researchers have designed and constructed various synthetic MLOs. These MLOs have been applied in regulating enzyme activity, optimizing metabolic pathways, regulating gene expression, producing recombinant proteins, and developing functional biomaterials. Here, we systematically summarized the design strategies, characterization techniques, and client protein recruitment methods for synthetic MLOs, and categorically reviewed their application progress in the biotechnology field. We also discussed current challenges faced in the practical applications of synthetic MLOs and future research directions. This review aims to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for the design and application of LLPS-driven synthetic MLOs, thereby promoting their innovative development in synthetic biology and biotechnology.
AU  - Sun,M
AU  - Gao,AX
AU  - Ye,B
AU  - Zhao,Y
AU  - Ledesma-Amaro,R
AU  - Gao,J
AU  - Wang,P
DO  - 10.1016/j.synbio.2026.01.007
EP  - 49
PY  - 2026///
SN  - 2405-805X
SP  - 37
TI  - Advances in engineering and applications of synthetic phase-separated membraneless organelles in biotechnology
T2  - Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synbio.2026.01.007
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synbio.2026.01.007
VL  - 13
ER  - 

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